RESUMO
El concepto de adaptación tiene diferentes aplicaciones y acepciones. En personas que viven con diabetes tipo 2 (DT2) se asocia con la observancia del tratamiento y el control glucémico. Es utilizado frecuentemente en la literatura de salud, pero no está claro qué significa en personas que viven con esta enfermedad, por lo que el propósito de esta investigación fue analizar el concepto de adaptación a la DT2. Metodología: se utilizó el método de análisis evolutivo de concepto de Rodgers. Los datos se codificaron por autor, 16 en total, palabras clave, hallazgos, antecedentes, atributos y consecuencias, conceptos relativos y sustitutos. La guía del análisis respondió a tres preguntas: ¿cómo define el concepto el autor? ¿Qué características o atributos se establecen? ¿Qué idea da el autor acerca del concepto? Resultados: el concepto de adaptación muestra atributos que permiten definirlo como un proceso que se presenta en tres fases: reacción, asimilación y respuesta. Los antecedentes corresponden a conductas previas al proceso, los resultados incluyen desafíos y cambios. Conclusiones: los atributos, los antecedentes y las consecuencias ofrecen guías para la investigación; es necesario ampliar el estudio en el contexto del hogar, la familia, el trabajo y el hospital.
The concept of adaptation has different applications and meanings. In persons who live with type 2 diabetes (T2D), it is associated with treatment adherence and glycemic control. It is used frequently in health literature, but it is unclear what it means to those living with the disease. Accordingly, the purpose of this study was to analyze the concept of adaptation to T2D. Method: Rogers' evolutionary concept analysis was the method used. The data were coded by author (16 in total), key words, findings, antecedents, attributes, consequences, and surrogate and relative concepts. The analysis guide answered three questions: How the author defines the concept? What features or attributes are established? What idea does the author provide about the concept? Findings: The concept of adaptation has attributes that enable it to be defined as a process that occurs in three phases: reaction, assimilation and response. The antecedents pertain to preprocess behavior, while the results include challenges and changes. Conclusions: The attributes, antecedents and consequences offer guidelines for research. It is necessary to broaden this research to include the context of home, family, work and the hospital.
O conceito de adaptação tem diferentes aplicações e acepções. Em pessoas que vivem com diabete tipo 2 (DT2), se associa com a observância do tratamento e o controle glicêmico. É utilizado frequentemente na literatura de saúde, mas não está claro o que significa em pessoas que vivem com essa doença; por isso, o propósito desta pesquisa foi analisar o conceito de adaptação à DT2. Metodología: utilizou-se o método de análise evolutiva de conceito de Rodgers. Os dados se codificaram por autor (16 em total), palavras-chave, antecedentes, atributos e consequências, conceitos relativos e substitutos. O guia da análise respondeu a três perguntas: como o autor define o conceito? Que características ou atributos são estabelecidos? Que ideia o autor dá sobre o conceito? Resultados: o conceito de adoção mostra atributos que permitem defini-lo como um processo que se apresenta em três fases: reação, assimilação e resposta. Os antecedentes correspondem a condutas prévias ao processo; os resultados incluem desafios e mudanças. Conclusões: os atributos, os antecedentes e as consequências oferecem guias para a pesquisa. É necessário ampliar o estudo no contexto do lar, da família, do trabalho e do hospital.
Assuntos
Humanos , Enfermagem , Adaptação a Desastres , Diabetes Mellitus , Atributos de DoençaRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the use of the Popular Insurance of health (PIH) during the pregnancy and the factors associated with its adquisicition. METHODS: From November of 2006 to January of the 2007, women in puerperal immediate hospitalized in the General Hospital of Tijuana, BC were invited to participate in the study. A direct interrogation through a structured questionnaire was applied, exploring sociodemographic variables, variables related to the pregnancy, trimester in which SPS was acquired, consumption of tobacco and alcohol, drug use, prenatal control, complications during the pregnancy, childbirth and time of hospital stay. Descriptive and bivaried analysis was performed to identify association between variables and the use of PIH. RESULTS: 730 women where studied. The average age was of 23-6 +/- 6.3, schooling 7.4 +/- 2.8 years and 72 % cohabitated. Five hundred and forty women (74 %) acquired PIH during pregnancy, 36 women never assist to antennal visits despite to have PIH and only 15 % already had it from the first trimester of pregnancy. Women with SPS had statically significant higher levels of schooling (7.8 versus. 6.8 p = 0.003), minor smoker frequency during pregnancy (1.5 % versus 4.2 %, p = 0.002) and minor rate of premature childbirth (3.7 versus 8.9, p=. 005). The mean catasthropic expenditure in women with not PIH was 2546 +/- 131 Mexican pesos. CONCLUSIONS: Fifty per cent of women acquired the PIH in the third trimester of pregnancy this could be related more to protecting households during periods of financial crisis than for utilization of prenatal care services.
